He whānuitanga māramawhare maitaiKa tukuna he mea kāore e taea e ngā hanganga pou-ā-ringa te whakarato — he wāhi o roto kāore he arai puta noa i te papa katoa. Mō ngā whare putunga, ngā wāhi kawe taonga, ngā whare rererangi, ngā whare hākinakina, me ngā kaupapa rokiroki makariri nui, ehara taua wāhi kāore he arai i te mea papai. He whakaritenga whakahaere. Heoi, mā te whakatutuki pono i tēnei mea puta noa i ngā whānuitanga o te 30 mita, neke atu rānei, ka puta he wero hanganga kāore e pā ki te hoahoa whare paerewa. Ko te mārama ki aua wero i mua i te tīmatanga o te hoko te mea e wehewehe ana i ngā kaupapa e whakatutuki ana i tā rātou kaupapa hoahoa mai i ngā mea e whakararu ana i waenganui o te tukanga.
He aha te mea e tino uaua ai te hoahoa whānui
Te hanganga ahupūngao o tētahiwhare maitai whānui māramaKa rerekē nui i te pikinga ake o te whānui. I te 20 mita, ka pono te mahi a te anga tatau paerewa i raro i te nuinga o ngā āhuatanga kawenga. I tua atu i te 30 mita, ka piki ake ngā wā piko i te hononga o te tuanui ki te pou me te tihi o te tuanui i te tere e hiahia ana kia āta tirohia te rahi o ngā mema, te hangarau hononga, me te whakahaere i te piko - me tatau katoa ēnei mō te āhua o te whare, te āhua kawenga, me ngā āhuatanga o te papa.
Ko te piko te wero tuatahi e miharo ai ngā tīma kaupapa. Ka piko te tuanui e 40 mita te roa i raro i tana ake kawenga mate, me te kore e kōrero mō te kawenga hukarere, ngā taputapu e mau ana i te tuanui, ngā kawenga urunga tiaki rānei. Hei tāpiri, ka pā taua piko ki te papa me te pūnaha whakakikorua e piri ana ki a ia - inā koa i ngā taipitopito o te tihi me te tuanui e aro nui ana te nekehanga. Ko te whare maitai whānui mārama kua hoahoatia me te kore he rohe piko kua tohua i roto i te tuhinga poto ka puta he raruraru mahi whakakikorua i whakaaetia e ngā tuhi hanganga engari kāore i whakaarohia e te tīma kaupapa.
Ko te hiki o te hau i ngā whānuitanga nui ka hanga he wero hangarau tuarua. Ka piki ake te horahanga o te tuanui e pāngia ana e ngā kaha hiki i runga i te whānuitanga, ko te tikanga he nui ake ngā kawenga e kawehia ana e te pūnaha whakapiri e pupuri ana i ngā panera tuanui ki ngā purlin i tētahi pūnaha ōrite i runga i tētahi whare whaiti. Heoi anō, ko te pēhanga ā-roto — e puta mai ana i te wā e tomo mai ana te hau mā roto i ngā tatau tuwhera, i ngā whakatuwheratanga hau rānei — ka tāpiri tika atu ki te hiki o waho, ā, me whakauru ki te huinga kawenga hoahoa.
Me aro nui ki te hoahoa hononga i te tihi me ngā hope. Koinei ngā wāhi tino taumaha i roto i te anga whare maitai whānui mārama. Ka tāpirihia he utu hanga koretake ki ngā hononga kua tino hangaia. Ko ngā hononga kāore i tino hangaia ko ngā wāhi pakaru ka puta i te wā tuatahi o te hau nui, te hukarere rānei. Ko te tika o tēnei taipitopito me whakarite i ngā tātaitanga kawenga mō te whare - ehara i te mea ko ngā hononga i tauinehia mai i tētahi kaupapa iti ake.
Ngā Otinga Whaihua e Whai Hua ana mō ngā Kaupapa Tuturu
Ko te huarahi tino whai hua ki te hoahoa hanganga whānui-whānui ka tīmata me te āhua anga tika. Ko ngā wāhanga whakarara - ina rerekē te hohonutanga o te wāhanga i te roa o te kurupae i runga i te ōrite ki te hoahoa nekehanga piko - ka tukuna he pai o ngā rauemi e kore e taea e ngā wāhanga porowhita te taurite i ngā whānuitanga roa. Nō reira, ko te whare maitai whānui mārama anga whakarara kua hoahoa paitia he iti ake te taumaha maitai e whakamahia ana i tētahi atu momo porowhita kua tohua kia āta whakaarohia, me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga mahi hanganga ōrite.
Mā ngā kurupae here waenga me ngā tautoko turi e whakanohoia ana ki ngā pūwāhi kua tatauhia i te taha o te kurupae ka taea te whakaiti i te whānui whai hua me te whakahaere i te piko me te kore e whakauru i ngā pou taumata-papa e whakakore ana i te kaupapa o te hoahoa whānui mārama. Ka tāpirihia e ēnei huānga he uauatanga hanga iti engari ka whakapai ake i te mahi hanganga me te whakaiti i te taumaha maitai katoa i runga i ngā whānui neke atu i te 35 mita.
Mā ngā pūnaha tautoko i ngā pito o te whare me te roa o te whare ka whakau i te anga ki ngā kawenga hau roa, ā, ka whakarite kia taea te whakatū haumaru i mua i te tāutanga o te pūnaha whakakikorua. Hei tāpiri, mā te hoahoa tika o te pereti turanga me te pūtu punga — te rahi mō te pēhitanga me te hiki i raro i te kawenga hau — ka ārai i ngā rahunga hononga turanga e puta ana ina kore e taurite tika ngā whānuitanga ā-iwi me ngā hanganga.
Hei whakamutunga, mā te tohu i te whare maitai whānui mārama ki tētahi paerewa hanganga kua whakamanahia — Eurocode 3, AISC 360, GB50017 rānei, i runga i te mākete e haere ana — ka whakarite kia haere tonu ngā tono whakaaetanga hangarau ā-rohe me ngā tono whakaaetanga hanga, me te kore e whakaroa e pā ana ki ngā hoahoa kore paerewa.
Mena e hiahiatia ana he whare maitai whānui mārama mō tō kaupapa i runga ake i te 30 mita te teitei, ā, kāore anō te hoahoa hanganga kia aro tika ki ngā rohe piko, te hangarau hononga, me te pikinga o te hau i te atanga whakakikorua, he mea tika kia whakatauhia aua āputa i mua i te tīmatanga o te hanga.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-08-2026