Ka tautokohia e ngā panera rūma whakamatao te whakahaere pāmahana pumau i roto i te rokiroki kai me te rongoā. He maha ngā wāhi e hiahia ana ki te whakamarumaru kaha me te tāutanga tere. E hiahia ana ngā kaiwhakamahi ki ngā panera e mau ana i te makuku, te wera, me te kawenga. E hiahia ana hoki rātou ki te horoi ngāwari me te roa o te ora mahi. Ka tutuki i ngā panera rūma whakamatao ēnei hiahia me te hanganga mārama me te mahi pumau.
Hanganga
He hanganga hanawiti kei ngā panera rūma whakamatao. E rua ngā mata whakarewa o ia panera, ā, kotahi te matua whakamarumaru. Kei waenganui i ngā rau maitai te matua, ā, ka kaha te ātete ki te wera. Ko te nuinga o ngā kaupapa e whakamahi ana i ngā panera mai i te 50 mm ki te 150 mm te matotoru. He iti ake te whakawhiti wera o ngā panera matotoru. He maha ngā wā ka eke te panera 100-mm ki te uara-K e tata ana ki te 0.22 W/m²·K.
Ka tiakina te pūtake e te pepa maitai o waho mai i te pānga me te makuku. He maha ngā wheketere e whakamahi ana i te maitai 0.4- ki te 0.6-mm mō ngā mata. Ko te maitai me te paparanga konutea o te 80 g/m² ka kaha te ātete ki te waikura. Ko te mata o roto ka whakamahi i te paninga kai-kai. Ka noho tonu te matotoru o te paninga tata ki te 25 microns. Ka tautokohia e tēnei paparanga te horoi me te patu huakita.
He mea nui anō hoki ngā hononga o ngā panera. Ko te nuinga o ngā panera he hononga cam-lock, he hononga arero-me-akau rānei. Ka āwhina ngā cam-lock ki te tāutanga tere. Ka tautokohia e ngā hononga arero-me-akau te whakahaere rere o te hau. Ka noho te āputa hononga noa i raro i te 2 mm i muri i te raka. Ka pupuri ngā hononga pai i te iti o te turuturu o te hau, ā, ka pai ake te pai o te whakamatao.
Ngā Rauemi
He maha ngā rauemi matua e whakamahia ana e ngā panera rūma whakamatao. He kaha motuhake me te mahi whakamarumaru motuhake kei ia momo matua. He rite tonu te pahuka PUR nā te kaha o te whakamarumaru. Ka eke te pahuka PUR ki te kawe wera tata ki te 0.022 W/m·K. He 75-mmPUR panele tautoko ana i ngā rūma tio i te -25°C.
He nui ake te ātete ahi o te pahuka PIR. He maha ngā panera PIR e eke ana ki te whakatauranga B-s1,d0. Ka whakamahia e te pahuka PIR te hononga whakawhiti matotoru. Ka whakaroahia e tēnei hanganga te horapa o te mura, ā, ka whakaitihia te putanga paowa. He maha ngā wā ka noho te matotoru o te pahuka i waenga i te 35 me te 45 kg/m³. Mā tēnei matotoru ka pumau te kaha pēhi.
ētahingā rūma makaririwhakamahia ngā matua huruhuru toka. Ka eke te huruhuru toka ki ngā taumata ahi teitei. He maha ngā panera huruhuru toka ka eke ki te taumata A. Ka tautokohia e ēnei panera ngā wāhi me ngā ture ahi tino pakari. He maha ngā wā ka noho tata te mātotoru o te huruhuru toka ki te 120 kg/m³. Ka whakanui ake tēnei mātotoru i te whakahaere oro me te haumaru ahi.
Ka kitea anō hoki te kowiri tira i roto i ngā kaupapa motuhake. He maha ngā whare kai e whiriwhiri ana i te kowiri tira hei oranga mō te tinana. He 0.5 mm te matotoru o ngā pepa kowiri tira. Ka tautoko i te horoi hohonu, ā, ka ārai i te waikura. Ka whiriwhiria e ngā kaiwhakamahi te kowiri tira ina noho te haumākū ki runga ake i te 90% mō ngā wā roa.
Ngā Tohu Mahi
Me tutuki i ngā panera rūma whakamatao ngā tohu mahi tino pakari. Ko te whakamahana wera te mea tuatahi. Ka taea e te panera he uara-K kei raro i te 0.28 W/m²·K te tautoko i te rokiroki kai hou. Ka whakaitihia te whakamahinga pūngao e te uara-K iti iho. Mā te whakamahi i ngā panera rūma whakamatao kounga teitei ka taea te penapena tata ki te 15% o te utu pūngao.
He mea nui anō hoki te kaha o te panera. Ka eke te kaha pēhanga o te panera PUR ki te tata ki te 150 kPa. Ka tautokohia e tēnei uara ngā kawenga tuanui i roto i ngā rūma reo. He rite tonu te kaha o te panera PIR engari he pai ake te whanonga ahi. Ka tukuna e ngā panera huruhuru toka te 80 ki te 100 kPa, he pai mō ngā pakitara.
He mea nui te ātete ki te makuku. E mimiti ana ngā panera pai i raro i te 3% o te wai i roto i ngā whakamātautau. Mā te mimiti iti ka tiakina te pūtake mai i te kino. Ka noho pumau hoki te whakamarumaru. Ka whakamahia e ngā whakamātautau makuku te rumaki mō ngā hāora 24 i ngā taumata makuku kua whakaritea.
Ka pā te whakahaere turuturu hau ki te utu whakamatao. E iti iho i te 0.4 m³/h·m² te turuturu e whakamahia ana e te rūma whakamatao kua hiritia pai. He maha ngā wheketere e tirotiro ana i te turuturu mā te whakamahi i ngā whakamātautau paoa, i ngā whakamātautau pēhanga rānei. Ka āwhina ngā hononga me ngā hiri pai ki te whakatutuki i ēnei uara.
He mea nui tonu te mahi ahi i roto i ngā whare katoa. Ka taea e te panera PIR te tu atu mō te 15 ki te 20 meneti i mua i te mura o te matua. Ka taea e ngā panera huruhuru toka te tu atu ki ngā pāmahana teitei ake. He maha ngā wā ka eke ki te 60 meneti te ātete ahi i runga i te matotoru. Ka tautokohia e ēnei tohu te whakamahere haumaru.
Ngā Pūwāhi Whakaputa
Me tika te whakahaere i te hanga papa. Ka pupuri ngā wheketere i te kiato pahuka i roto i te 5% o te whāinga. Mā te kiato pumau ka puta he mahi wera pono. Ka werohia te pahuka e ngā raina whakaputa tonu i raro i te pēhanga pumau. Ko te tere o te rere o te raina noa he 8 ki te 12 mita ia meneti.
Me tino tirotirohia hoki ngā pepa maitai. Me tutuki i ia pepa te matotoru e whakaaetia ana i raro i te 0.03 mm. E whakamahia ana e ngā wheketere he taumaha koiri mai i te 4 ki te 7 tana. Ka horoia, ka pania hoki ngā pepa i mua i te hanganga. Ka tautokona e te mata ma te hononga kaha i waenga i te maitai me te pahuka matua.
He mea nui anō hoki te tukanga whakakikorua. Ka tere te tauhohe o ngā matū PUR, PIR rānei. Ka whakahaerehia e ngā tīma te pāmahana tata ki te 45°C ki te 55°C i te wā e werohia ana. Mā tēnei pāmahana ka noho ōrite te hanganga pahuka. Ka whakapai ake te hanganga ōrite i te kaha ārai me te kaha pēhi.
Ka pāngia te kounga o te tāutanga e te tapahi me te āhua. He maha ngā wheketere e whakamahi ana i te tapahi CNC. Ka noho te hapa tapahi i raro i te 2 mm. Ka tautokona e tēnei tino tika ngā hononga piripono, ā, ka whakaitihia te turuturu.
Ka hangaia anō hoki e ngā mīhini ngā raka-kame. Ko te rahi raka-kame paerewa e tata ana ki te 110 mm te whānui.
Ka tirohia te kounga i muri i te hanganga. He maha ngā wheketere e whakamātautau ana i te 3 ki te 5 ngā panera i ia hāora. Ka inehia e rātou te kiato matua, te kaha o te here, me te matotoru o te panera. He maha ngā wā ka noho te kaha o te here ki runga ake i te 0.12 MPa mō ngā panera PUR me PIR. Mā te here kaha ka ārai i te wehenga.
Ngā Whakaaro Hoahoa
Me whiriwhiri e ngā kaihoahoa te matotoru o te panera i runga i te pāmahana rūma. Ka taea e te pouaka whakamatao i te 2°C te whakamahi i ngā panera 75-mm. Ka taea e te pouaka tio i te -25°C te whakamahi i ngā panera 120-150 mm. Ka whakaitihia e ēnei uara te ngaronga wera, ā, ka whakawhāitihia te kawenga o te kōpeke.
Ka whakamahere hoki ngā kaihoahoa i te tahora o ngā panera. He maha ngā rūma e whakamahi ana i ngā panera 1 mita te whānui. Ka whakaitihia e ngā panera whānui ngā hononga, ka tere ake te hanga. E 12 noa iho ngā panera e whakamahia ana e te pakitara 12-mita te roa. Mā te iti o ngā hononga ka pai ake te hiri.
He mea nui anō hoki ngā pūnaha tautoko. Me whai whakairi kaha ngā tuanui. He maha ngā kaupapa e whakatakoto ana i ngā whakairi i ia 1.2 mita. Tērā pea me whai anga maitai ngā mīhini whakamatao taumaha. Ka tāpirihia hoki e ngā kaihoahoa he uhi PVC ki ngā kokonga. Ka whakapai ake ēnei uhi i te akuaku me te horoi.
Ka pā te kōwhiringa tatau ki te whakamahinga pūngao. He rite tonu te matotoru o ngā panera ki te matotoru o ngā tatau kua whakamahanatia. He rite te whakamahana o te tatau 100-mm ki te panera pakitara 100-mm. Ka whakaitihia te turuturu e ngā hiri pai. He maha ngā tatau e whakamahi ana i ngā waea whakamahana i roto i ngā rūma pāmahana iti. Ka āraihia e ngā waea whakamahana te hanga hukapapa.
Me noho ngā paipa hiko ki waho o te ārai. Tērā pea ka puta he piriti makariri i ngā paipa huna. Ka nui ake te wai e kohia ana e ngā piriti makariri. Ka pupuri ngā kaihoahoa i ngā paipa ki ngā wāhi mahi. Ka tāpirihia hoki e rātou he ārai kohu hei ārai i te hekenga o te makuku.
Ka tautokohia e ngā panera rūma whakamatao te whakahaere pāmahana haumaru me te whai hua. Ka tukuna e rātou he whakamarumaru kaha, he mata ma, me te kaha pumau. Ka whakaitihia hoki e rātou te utu pūngao me te tautoko i ngā ture akuaku tino pakari. Mā te whiriwhiri rauemi pai, te hoahoa tupato, me te whakaputa pumau, ka taea e ngā panera rūma whakamatao te whakarato i te roa o te ora ratonga.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-04-2025