Ka tautokohia e ngā whare kati kōtuhi ahumahi te whakaputa hua nui. Ka whakahaere i te āhuarangi kia pumau ai te tipu o ngā tipu. He maha ngā whare e whakatipu ana i ngā huawhenua, ngā hua rākau, me ngā putiputi. Ka pupuri te whare kati kōtuhi i te pāmahana, te haumākū, me te māramatanga. Ko ngā wāhi whakaputa noa mai i te 5,000 m² ki te neke atu i te 100,000 m². Ka whakanuia e ngā taiao whakahaeretia te hua me te kounga. He maha ngā kaiwhakahaere e whakamahi ana i ngā whare kati kōtuhi mō te mahi ahuwhenua puta noa i te tau. Ka whakaitihia e ngā pūnaha ahumahi ngā mōrearea āhuarangi, ka whakapai ake i te whai huatanga. Ka tautokohia e tēnei hanganga te tono ahuwhenua o ēnei rā.
Anga Hanganga me ngā Rauemi o ngā Whare Karaka Ahumahi
Kua hangaia te hanganga o ngā whare kati kōtuhi ahumahi hei whakarato i te pumau, te roa, me te whakahaere tika i te taiao mō te whakaputa hua nui. Ko te pūnaha kawenga matua he hanganga maitai te nuinga o te wā nā te mea he nui te ōwehenga kaha-ki-taumaha. He mea whakarewa wera-toiangā pou me ngā taura rinoe whakamahia whānuitia ana. He maha ngā wā ka eke te matotoru o te paninga konutea ki te 80–120 μm, ā, ka roa ake te ora o te paninga i roto i ngā taiao makuku mō te 20 tau.
Ka whakawhitihia e te pūnaha turanga ngā kawenga whare kati kōtuhi ki te whenua. Ko te tikanga, ka whakamahia e ngā kaihoahoa ngā turanga raima whakakaha, ngā turanga motuhake rānei. Ka ātete ēnei turanga ki ngā kawenga poutū, ki te hiki hau, me ngā kaha whakapae. I ngā rohe he kaha ngā hau, he maha ngā kawenga hau hoahoa mai i te 0.5 ki te 0.8 kN/m². Ko ngā pūtu punga tika e hono ana i tengā pou maitaiki te turanga, ā, ka whakapai ake i te pumau whānui. Ko te tawhiti noa i waenganui i ngā pou he 4 m ki te 8 m.
Ko te hanganga o te tuanui he hoahoa āwhata, he maha-whānui rānei. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei whirihoranga te ātete hau, ā, ka taea te whakaheke wai pai. Ka ātete ngā hanganga tuanui i ngā tere hau tae atu ki te 70 km/h. Ko ētahi hoahoa ka ātete ki te 100 km/h. Ko te whānui o te whānuitanga noa kei waenga i te 8 ki te 12 mita, ko te teitei o ngā awaawa kei waenga i te 4 me te 6 mita. Ka tautokohia ngā rauemi hipoki e ngā taura, e ngā purlin rānei, ā, ka tohatoha ōrite i ngā kawenga. Me ātete hoki te tuanui i ngā kawenga hukarere, ka eke ki te 0.3 ki te 0.5 kN/m² i ngā rohe makariri.
Ka tautokona te rōrahi hau e te teitei o te anga. Ko te teitei o te taunga wai i te nuinga o te wā kei waenga i te 4 m ki te 7 m. Ko te teitei o te pae he maha ngā wā ka eke ki te 6 m ki te 9 m.
Te hipoki i ngā rauemi me te tuku māramatanga o ngā whare kati kōtuhi ahumahi
Ka pāngia te tipu o ngā hua e ngā rauemi hipoki. He maha ngā whare kati kōtuhi ahumahi e whakamahi ana i ngā kiriata karāhe, kirihou rānei. Ko te matotoru o te karāhe pōrewarewa he 4 mm te roa. Ka eke te whitinga mārama o te karāhe ki te 88% ki te 91%. Ka tautoko te whitinga mārama teitei i te whakaahua-whakaahua.
Kei roto i ngā kiriata kirihou ngā rau polyethylene. Ko te matotoru o te kiriata he maha ngā wā kei waenga i te 150 μm ki te 200 μm. Ko te horapa o te mārama ka eke ki te 85% ki te 90%. E 3 ki te 5 tau te roa o ngā kiriata i rongoatia ki te UV.
Ko ētahi whare kati kōtuhi e whakamahi ana i ngā panera polycarbonate. Ko te matotoru o te panera he 8 mm ki te 10 mm te roa. Ko te tuku māramatanga ka eke ki te 80% ki te 85%. Mā ēnei panera ka pai ake te whakamarumaru.
Ka āraia hoki e te hipoki ngā hihi UV kino. Ka tiakina ngā tipu me ngā kaimahi e te ārai UV. Ka whakaitihia e ngā pūnaha whakamarumaru te kaha o te mārama. Ka whakaitihia e ngā ārai whakamarumaru te hihi o te rā mā te 30% ki te 60%. Ka whakapai ake te whakahaere mārama i te ōritetanga me te hua o ngā hua.
Ngā Pūnaha Whakahaere Āhuarangi o ngā Whare Karaka Ahumahi
Ko te whakahaere āhuarangi te mea e whakatau ana i te mahi a ngā whare kati kōtuhi ā-umanga. He mea nui tonu te whakahaere pāmahana. He pai te tipu o te nuinga o ngā hua i waenga i te 18°C me te 26°C. Ka mau tonu te pāmahana o te takurua i ngā pūnaha whakamahana. He maha ngā wā ka tukuna te wai ki ngā kohua wai wera ki te 80°C.
Ka whakahaerea e ngā pūnaha whakamatao te wera o te raumati. Ka whakaitihia e ngā pūnaha papa me ngā pūnaha pā te pāmahana mā te 8°C ki te 12°C. Ka nekehia e ngā pā hauhautanga te 30,000 ki te 50,000 m³/h. Ka tautokohia hoki e ngā pūhau tuanui te whakawhiti hau.
Mā te whakahaere i te haumākū ka tiakina te hauora o ngā tipu. Ko te haumākū pai rawa atu kei waenga i te 60% ki te 80%. Mā te whakamaroke i te haumākū ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te harore.
Ka whakapai ake te whakanui i te CO₂ i te tipu. He maha ngā pūnaha e whakapiki ana i ngā taumata CO₂ ki te 800–1,200 ppm. Ka whakanui ake tēnei pikinga i te photosynthesis tae atu ki te 30%.
Ka whakahaerehia te āhuarangi e ngā pūmana aunoa. Ka aro turukihia e ngā pūoko te pāmahana i ia meneti. Mā te mana whakahaere tika ka pumau ngā āhuatanga tipu.
Ngā Pūnaha Tahora me te Ahuwhenua o Roto
Mā te whakatakotoranga o roto ka tautokohia te whakaputa hua whai hua. He maha ngā whare kati kōtuhi e wehewehe ana i te wāhi ki ngā kokoru whakatipu. Ko te whānui o ia kokoru he 6 m ki te 9.6 m.
He rerekē ngā pūnaha whakatipu i runga i te hua. He mea noa tonu ngā pūnaha oneone. Ka piki haere te rongonui o ngā pūnaha hydroponic. Ka tautokohia ngā hua waina e ngā awaawa whakatipu. Ko te teitei o ngā awaawa he 0.6 m ki te 1.2 m te tikanga. Ka pai ake te ergonomics mā ngā pūnaha whakarerekē.
Ka whakaratohia e ngā pūnaha whakamakuku ngā matūkai. Ka tukuna e te whakamakuku maturuturu te wai i te 2 ki te 4 rita ia hāora mō ia tipu. Ko te wai matūkai EC ka noho tonu i waenga i te 1.5 me te 2.5 mS/cm.
Kei roto hoki i te whakatakotoranga ngā ara ratonga. Ko te whānui o ngā ara kei waenga i te 0.8 m ki te 1.2 m. Mā te whakatakotoranga whai hua ka whakaitihia te wā mahi.
He mea nui te pai o te kaiwhakarato
Ko ēnei āhuatanga o ngā whare kati kōtuhi ahumahi e whakatairanga ana i ngā whakaritenga teitei ake mō te hoahoa me te kounga o ngā wāhanga o ngā kaihanga, ā, kua tino tika te kimi i tētahi kaiwhakarato kaha.
Ko Harbin Dong`an Building Sheets Company te kaihanga matua o ngā hanganga rino i Haina. Neke atu i te 40 tau te roa o te hītori o te kamupene. He rōpū hoahoa mātau tō te Kamupene Dongan. Ka taea e ngā miihini te hoahoa i te hanganga o te whare kati kōtuhi i runga i ngā tau o te wheako kaupapa. I te mea e tutuki katoa ana ngā hiahia o ngā kiritaki, ka karohia ngā raruraru ka tūpono i te wā e kawe ana me te tāuta ana i ngā wāhanga ki te taumata teitei rawa atu.
He mea nui ki te kamupene o Dongan te kounga o āna hua. Ko ngā kaiwhakarato kounga teitei te mea e tiki ana i te maitai mai i Dongan. He maha ā rātou rauemi e whakamahia ana mai i ngā waitohu rongonui me ngā waitohu kounga teitei. Ka tirotirohia e Dongan ia puranga rauemi mata me te tino kaha. Ko ngā rauemi anake e tutuki ana i ngā paerewa o te ao ka uru ki te raina whakaputa.
I taua wā anō, kei te kamupene anō hoki ngā raina whakaputa matatau hei whakarite i te kounga me te pumau o te tuku o ngā wāhanga maitai. Kei te wheketere ngā mīhini tapahi taiaho me ngā wiri CNC 3D, ka taea te whakaiti i ngā hapa i roto i te tukatuka o ngā wāhanga. Mā tēnei ka taea te tāuta pai i ia wāhanga, ka whakaiti i te wā tāutanga me ngā mōrearea pea a meake nei.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-19-2025