Me ngā painga pēnei i te kaha teitei, te pakari tino pai, me te hanganga ahumahi,ngā whare hanganga maitaiinaianei e tautoko ana i ngā tono horopaki katoa puta noa i ngā mara ahumahi, kawe waka, pūngao, tāone, me ngā mara noho. Ka tukuna e ēnei hanganga he whakawhiti kawenga whai hua, he whakatakotoranga ngāwari, me te tuku kaupapa tere, e hanga ana i te maitai hei rauemi matua i roto i te hangarau hou me te whanaketanga tauwhiro.
Ngā Whare Hanganga Rino i roto i te Hanganga Ahumahi
Ngā Whare Matua o te Teihana Hiko me ngā Whare Pūwero
Me kawe e te whare matua o te tipu hiko ngā taputapu taumaha pērā i ngā tāpine mamaoa me ngā whakaputa hiko, neke atu i te 300 tāne te taumaha o ia tāpine. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaihoahoa ngā pūnaha tautoko anga maitai me ngā whatunga pou tae atu ki te 12 m × 12 m, e āhei ai te whakaritenga taputapu ngāwari me te whai hua.
Ka mahi ngā whare kohua i raro i ngā pāmahana tino wera, me te pāmahana o te oumu neke atu i te 1200°C. Me paninga matotoru ātete ahi ngā wāhanga maitai kia eke ki te taumata ātete ahi tae atu ki te toru hāora. Ina honoa ki ngā paparanga whakamarumaru pēnei i ngā panera hanawiti huruhuru toka, ka noho tonu te pāmahana o te mata i raro i te 150°C.
Hei whakatutuki i ngā ture haumaru ahi o te ao, ka eke ngā wāhanga i hangaia mai i te maitai Q345B ki te ātete ahi mō te roa atu i te rua hāora, ā, ka mau tonu te kaha hanganga neke atu i te 95% i te 150°C.
I te wā e hoahoa ana i te whare matua o te tipu hiko, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā miihini he anga rino me ngā papa papa hiato. Mā tēnei pūnaha ka taea te hanga i ngā puna waro tae atu ki te 70 m te whānui. Kei te tata tonu te whakamahinga rino ki te 120 kg ia mita tapawha, ka whakaitihia te taumaha hanganga mā te 40% ki te whakataurite ki te raima, ā, ka pai ake te mahi ā-ru whenua.
Ngā Mira Rino me ngā Wāhi Whakatere Waka
Me tu atu ngā awheawhe mira hurihuri i roto i ngā wheketere maitai i ngā kawenga kerēni tae atu ki te 200 tana. Ko te tikanga, ka whiriwhiria e ngā kaihoahoa ngā pou pouaka kua honoa ki ngā kurupae maitai āhua-H kua whakarewaina, ā, ko ngā rara whakapakeke i ngā rohe hononga ka whakapai ake i te ātete kutikuti.
He maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he whānuitanga mārama neke atu i te 30 m hei tāuta i ngā pūnaha kerēni whakairi. Ka taea e te tuanui mata wāhi rino he matotoru tata ki te 3 m te hanga ngāwari i tētahi roto kāore he pou.
Ko ngā wāhanga maitai i roto i ēnei kaupapa ka whiwhi i te whakapūkara wera-tuku me te matotoru o te paninga neke atu i te 85 μm. Ka tutuki i tēnei maimoatanga ngā whakaritenga tiaki waikura i roto i ngā taiao waikawa kei raro iho i te 50 mg/m³ te kukū SO₂, ā, ka tautoko i te roa o te ora ratonga neke atu i te 50 tau.
Ngā Whare Hanganga Rino i roto i te Hangarau Waka
Ko ngā kaupapa piriti kurupae he iti iho i te 50 m te whānui, he whānui te whakamahinga o ngā poupou maitai āhua-H. Ka hangaia ēnei poupou e ngā wheketere i mua i te hanga, ka haria ki te papa mahi, ā, ka honoa mā te whakapiri me te whakarewa. Mā tēnei tikanga ka poto ake te wā hanga mā te 60% ki te whakataurite ki ngā piriti raima.
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā poupou rino pouaka wāhanga-rerekē mō ngā piriti piriti tonu, he whānui mai i te 50 m ki te 150 m te roa. I te wā e whakatūria ana, ka whakamahia e ngā miihini te tikanga hanga cantilever, e āhei ai te hanga me te kore he tautoko rangitahi.
Ko ngā kaupapa piriti whariki e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā wāhanga ā-pūrua paerewa me te kaha kawenga whariki kotahi o te 45 tana. Ka tere te hanga a ngā kaimahi i ēnei piriti, ā, he pai mō te hanganga piriti ohorere.
Ko ngā wāhi e tairongo ana ki te ngenge pērā i ngā hononga whakarewa, me whai kounga maitai pakari teitei pērā i te Q370qE. Ko te tikanga, ka whakawhāitihia e ngā kaihoahoa te kaha o te ahotea i ēnei wāhi ki raro iho i te 100 MPa kia roa ai te mau.
Ngā Whare Hanganga Rino i roto i te Hangarau Pūngao
Ngā Pūnaha Tautoko Pūngao Hau me te Pūngao Whakaahua
Ko te teitei o ngā pourewa hau ka eke ki waenga i te 80 m me te 140 m. Ka whakamahia e ēnei pourewa ngā paipa rino i hangaia mai i te maitai Q345D, ko te matotoru o te pakitara mai i te 16 mm ki te 40 mm, e honoa ana mā roto i ngā hononga porowhita. Ka taea e te flange turanga o te pourewa te kawe i ngā kawenga neke atu i te 5000 kN.
Ko ngā pūnaha tautoko hiko photovoltaic ngāwari, mai i te 100 m ki te 300 m te whānui, e whakamahi ana i te huinga o ngā taura rino me ngā hanganga whakaruru. E noho tonu ana te whakamahinga rino ki te 8 tana ia megawatt, e penapena ana i te 30% o te whenua ki te whakataurite ki ngā pūnaha raima, ā, he pai hoki mō ngā whenua maunga.
Ngā Pūhara Waea Pūkoro
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā papa keri nekeneke i waho o te moana ngā hanganga anga maitai momo-kopaki. Ka whakamahia e ngā pona ngā porowhita rino tuwhera me te diameter tata ki te 1.2 m. Me tutuki te maitai i ngā paerewa ātete waikura NACE MR0175 kia pono ai tana mahi i roto i ngā taiao rehu tote.
Ngā Whare Hanganga Rino i roto i ngā Hanganga Noho me ngā Hanganga Wā poto
Ngā Whare Noho Rino me ngā Whare Hanga-mua
Ko ngā whare noho iti-teitei, kotahi ki te toru ngā papa, he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia he pūnaha maitai angiangi-hanga matao, ko te matotoru o te pakitara kei waenga i te 1.5 mm me te 3 mm. Kei te 0.3 kN te taumaha o te pakitara mō ia mita tapawha, ā, ka eke te ātete rū whenua ki te taumata kaha 8.
Ko ngā kaupapa whare noho teitei neke atu i te tekau ngā papa e whakamahi ana i te hanganga anga rino-ngā-matua o te ngongo. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei pūnaha ngā wāhanga pou mā te 30% pea, ā, ka whakanuia te horahanga papa e taea te whakamahi mā te 8% pea, ki te whakaritea ki ngā whare raima.
Whare Noho Wāpoto me ngā Hanganga Ka Taea te Wetewete
Ko ngā whare ipu e hangai ana ki ngā kōwae 3 m × 6 m e whakamahi ana i te huinga o ngā anga maitai me ngā panera maitai kua pania ki te tae. Tata ki te 2.5 tana te taumaha o ia waeine, ā, ka taea te huihui tere. I te wā o te COVID-19, he maha ngā hōhipera rangitahi i tango i tēnei tauira hanga.
He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā whare whakaaturanga ngā pūnaha rino ka taea te tango me ngā hononga porowhita-porowhita. He tino whai hua te ōhanga o ēnei hanganga, ā, ka eke ki te 90% te maha o ngā whakamahinga anō, ā, he pai mō te whakatinanatanga anō puta noa i ngā huihuinga maha.
Te wā tuku: 26-Pepuere-2026